| 摘要: |
| 本文研究了影响碳钢碱性焊条焊接烟尘量及其毒性的电弧物理及化学因素。得出了下述见解:其一,焊条烟尘产生的主要原因是,熔渣和熔滴的过热、蒸发;其二,影响烟尘量的主要电弧物理因素是,熔滴端部极性斑点析出热量的大小、熔滴的导热条件和熔滴及焊条端形成的套筒表面上发尘的面积和时间;其三,影响烟尘量及其有害成分的主要化学因素是,涂药成分中的CaF2和粘接剂水玻璃互相作用产生低沸点的有害物质KF、NaF。在上述研究的基础上,研制了一种卫生指标先进的新型低尘低毒焊条。 |
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| AN INVESTIGATION ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE AMOUNT AND TOXICITY OF FUMES GENERATED DURING MANUAL ARC WELDING WITH BASIC ELECTRODES |
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Chen Jianhong1, Zhang Del1, Li Qiye1, Wu Shuxiong2, Zhou Zongfu2
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1.Gansu Institute of Technology;2.Changhong Welding Electrode Works
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| Abstract: |
| The physical and chemical properties of welding arc affecting the amount and toxicity of fumes generated during manual arc welding with low carbon steel basic electrodes are investigated. A summary of the results might be given as follows:(1)The formation of welding fumes is due to the superheat evaporation of the slag and metal drops. (2)The amount of fumes generated is related to the amount of heat released from the arc spot, the condition of heat transfer, and the duration and area of fuming. (3)The amount of fumes, and their toxicity, is to a great extent influenced by the chemical reaction taken place between the coating constituent CaF2 and the binder water glass, producing low boiling point KF and NaF which are very harmful. Taking advantage of the results obtained, the authors developed a new low-fume low-toxicity basic electrode for carbon steel. |
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