货车侧墙薄板结构的焊接变形预测与控制

Welding distortion prediction and control of thin-plate welded structures of the truck side-walls

关键词:  薄板焊接结构  焊接变形  固有应变  正交设计

Key words:  thin-plate welded structure  welding distortion  inherent strain  orthogonal design

摘要:

货车侧墙薄板结构在焊接过程中由于焊缝处收缩产生压应力导致侧墙板失稳,产生波浪变形,一方面使结构强度降低,另一方面影响了表面的平整和美观,有效预测和控制它的焊接变形是个难题.基于固有应变等效载荷的有限元方法,对货车侧墙的焊接变形进行预测,分析其焊接变形的规律.结果表明,仿真数值与实测数值基本一致.同时在此仿真模型的基础上,通过正交设计方法调整设计参数与焊接参数,研究不同因素对焊接变形的影响程度,最后得出最优方案,从而为控制薄板侧墙的焊接变形提供理论根据。

Abstract:

During the process of the truck side-walls welding, buckling deformation is caused by the shrinkage force in the weld seams.It is difficult to predict and control the distortion.The buckling deformation which not only reduces the strength but also affects the smoothness and the beauty of thin-plate.The welding distortion of the truck side-wall was studied using inherent strain as an equivalent load.The results show that the predicted results is consistent with the measured data.Based on the simulation model, the different factors involved in the design and welding affecting the distortion were investigated using the orthogonal design.The optimal design is presented, which provides reliable theoretical references for thin-plate welding deformation controlling of the truck side-walls.