激光焊接对接接头间隙宽度视觉测量系统

Vision system of butt joint gap width measurement for laser welding

关键词:  对接接头  间隙宽度  激光焊接  视觉测量

Key words:  butt joint  gap width  laser welding  vision measurement

摘要:

激光焊接工艺对对接接头的装配质量,尤其是接头的间隙和错边量有严格要求.对接接头间隙窄且无错边,现有的视觉传感器由于其横向分辨率不够或测量原理限制等原因,难以准确地测量出接头间隙宽度.利用远心镜头CCD相机和线光源激光器,设计了接头间隙宽度视觉测量系统,并提出了基于灰度投影积分的焊缝接头间隙检测算法并进行了试验.结果表明,接头间隙测量系统可准确地检测出焊缝接头的边界和接头间隙宽度,且焊缝接头间隙检测算法具有一定的自校验能力;对0.05mm左右的对接接头,接头间隙宽度测量精度优于0.015mm.

Abstract:

Laser welding process has demanding requirements on quality of butt joint preparation, especially on joint gap width and mismatch, the butt joint gap being narrow and little mismatch.Due to the inadequate lateral resolution or measuring principle limitation, current vision sensors can not measure the gap width accurately.In this paper, a vision system of joint gap width measurement is designed using the CCD camera with telecentric lens and diode laser, and a joint gap detection algorithm is proposed based on gray projecting integral approach.The experimental results demonstrate that the gap width measurement system can extract the joint border and joint gap width accurately;joint gap detection algorithm has self-verification ability to a certain extent.Accuracy of the measurement is better than 0.015 mm for a butt joint specimen with 0.05 mm gap width.