AH36薄板不同焊接工艺下应力的三维数值模拟

FEM of welding stress in AH36 steel plate with different welding parameters

关键词:  AH36钢  残余应力  雾化水冷  数值模拟

Key words:  AH36 steel  residual stress  water cooling  finite element method

摘要:

通过建立三维有限元模型,对不同焊接条件下6 mm厚AH36钢薄板焊接残余应力峰值和分布进行了数值计算和试验研究.结果表明,在冷却方式相同的情况下,焊接应力峰值与热输入相关,采用混合焊方法的试样应力较大;在焊接方法相同的情况下,不同冷却方式的纵向焊接应力分布规律不同.与常规焊相比随焊激冷改善了焊接残余应力场分布,尤其是降低了残余拉应力峰值.为验证有限元模拟结果的准确性,采用相同参数进行焊接试验,试验结果与数值模拟结果基本一致,表明采用三维有限元模拟技术可以掌握不同焊接条件下焊接应力演变规律,为控制焊接残余应力提供了依据.

Abstract:

With the three-dimensional finite element and experimental method,the residual stress in the AH36 steel plate of 6 mm in thickness under different welding conditions was studied in this paper.The results showed that the peak stress,which was the largest with the combined welding method,was related with the welding heat input under the same cooling condition.The longitudinal stress distribution varies with cooling conditions for the same welding process.Compared with the conventional welding,the welding residual stress distribution,especially in the peak residual tensile stress,was improved by water cooling.An experiment with the same parameters was carried out to verify the finite element simulation results.The experimental results are consistent with the numerical results,which indicates that the welding stress evolution under different welding conditions can be simulated with the three-dimensional finite element simulation technology,and provide the basis of the control of welding residual stress.