铝合金A-TIG焊电弧光谱分析

Spectrum analysis of A-TIG welding for aluminum alloy

关键词:  铝合金  A-TIG焊  电弧光谱  焊缝熔深

Key words:  aluminum alloy  A-TIG  cross-spectrum  weld penetration

摘要:

选用SiO₂,TiO₂,Cr₂O₃,CaF₂,BaCl₂共五种单组元活性剂以及由此五种单组元混合而成的YG304复合活性剂进行铝合金交流A-TIG焊工艺试验,并利用光谱仪检测焊接过程中的光谱,分析活性剂元素在电弧光谱中的分布规律.结果表明,五种单组分活性剂对焊缝熔深影响不同,且YG304混合活性剂增加焊缝熔深效果最好;电弧主要以Ar元素和Al元素谱线为主,不同活性剂的光谱频域分布差异显著;认为熔深增加的原因可能在于活性剂中各阳离子Si⁴⁺,Ti⁴⁺,Cr³⁺及Ba²⁺与氩电弧中电子复合,从而增大电弧温度和电弧力并最终增加熔深,并且由于各阳离子物理性能不一样而使增加效果不同.

Abstract:

A-TIG welding experiments were conducted by using five species of single-component activating fluxes, including SiO₂, TiO₂, CaF₂, Cr₂O₃, BaCl₂ and complex formulation YG304.The spectrum in A-TIG welding process is tested by spectrometer.The distribution law of flux element in arc space is analyzed.The experimental results indicate that the above activating fluxes have different effects on weld penetration.The most remarkable increasing is obtained when the flux is YG304.The spectral lines of argon atom and aluminum atom are the main spectral lines of the A-TIG welding arc.Different cross-spectrum distribution of arc is presented with different fluxes.The increasing of penetration may be attributed to the recombination of positive ions such as Si⁴⁺, Ti⁴⁺, Cr³⁺ and electron that generates from Ar arc, thus raise the arc temperature and arc force, and ultimately the weld penetration increases.The effect of increased penetration is due to various physical properties of positive ion.