Q235钢板与6082铝合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺

Parametric study on friction stir welding of Q235 steel with 6082 aluminum alloy

关键词:  Q235  6082铝合金  搅拌摩擦焊  工艺优化

Key words:  Q235  6082 aluminum alloy  friction stir spot welding  optimize welding process

摘要:

通过对Q235钢板和6082铝合金进行搅拌摩擦焊接,并用正交试验对搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数进行优化. 结果表明,焊接过程中,将钢板放在返回侧,铝板放在前进侧^[1],离搅拌针较近的钢侧金属发生软化,并且在轴肩横向切应力作用下形成短"钉子",最终在搅拌针的旋转作用下填充到搅拌针后方形成的空腔内,当下压量为0.2 mm时,比较容易得到优质的焊缝;搅拌针旋转速度为260 r/min,焊接速度为16 mm/min,针头偏向铝侧0.2 mm时,所得焊缝的抗拉强度为141.204 MPa,断裂发生在铝侧焊核区与热力影响区的交界处;钢侧热机影响区的硬度比母材高,而铝侧热机影响区比母材低.

Abstract:

The paper used orthogonal experiment to optimize the friction stir spot welding welding process of of Q235 steel and 6082 aluminum alloy plate. Results showd that when the Q235 steel plate was placed on the backward sidethe-metal at the steel side and near the stir pin was softened, and then short nail was formed under the shear stress induced by transverse-moving shoulder,ultimately the softened metal filled in the formed cavity at the rear of the stir by stir spinning. A pressed depth of 0.2 mm is favorable to form high-quality welds. When the rotation speed is 260 RPM, welding speed is 21 mm/min and pin offset is 0.2 mm towards aluminum alloy plat side, the tensile strength of the weld is 141.204 MPa, fracture occurs at the interface zone between the weld nugget area and the heat affected zone. The hardness of the heat affected zone at steel side was higher than parent metal while that near the aluminum alloy plat side was lower than the parent metal.