基于焊点载荷的焊接工艺参数优化

Optimization of resistance spot welding parameters based on load of welding spot

关键词:  焊点模型  车身综合工况  “质量—能耗”均衡模型  参数优化

Key words:  spot weld model  car body comprehensive status  “quality-energy consumption” balance model  parameter optimization

摘要:

通过建立基于多物理场耦合的焊点模型，得到焊接参数与焊点力学性能之间的窗口关系；对焊点进行车身综合工况下的受力分析，将焊点所受到的拉、剪力以及装配节拍要求的焊接时间作为约束条件，以最低焊接能耗为优化目标，提出了基于焊点“质量—能耗”均衡模型的焊接参数优化方法. 通过该优化方法，可以得到焊点力学性能及工业能耗的均衡优点. 结果表明，以某车型安全带固定座结构为算例，相比传统方法，优选的焊接参数在保证焊点性能要求的同时，还能使生产能耗降低超55%，这对保证质量及降低企业生产成本具有重要意义.

Abstract:

In order to reveal the relationship between welding parameters and mechanical properties of welding spot, a FE(Finite Element) model of RSW (Resistance Spot Welding) was founded by using multi-physical fields. Forces of spot weld under car body complicated working conditions were analyzed, the tensile force, shear force and required welding time were taken as the constraint conditions, a new method to optimize welding parameter was proposed as the object of getting the lowest welding energy consumption based on “quality-energy consumption” balance model. The equilibrium advantages of mechanical properties and industrial energy consumption of RSW were obtained. A typical structure of safety belt anchorage was set up to verify the optimization method. Compared with the welding parameters obtained from the traditional method, the optimized welding parameters by the proposed method can not only meet the requirement of mechanical property, but also reduce the energy consumption by 55%, which is of great benefit to automobile factory.