6063-T6铝合金双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接头组织及力学性能分析

Analysis on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6063-T6 self-reacting friction stir welding

关键词:  双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊|微观组织|力学性能|焊接热循环

Key words:  self-reacting friction stir welding|microstructure|mechanical property|welding thermal cycle

摘要:

对4 mm厚6063-T6铝合金进行了双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接试验. 结果表明，双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊可以实现6063-T6铝合金的焊接，得到表面成形良好且内部无缺陷的接头. 接头宏观形貌为哑铃状，其微观形貌分为焊核区、热力影响区、热影响区及母材区. 在搅拌头转速为1 200 r/min，焊接速度为400~700 mm/min的工艺区间内，接头强度呈先升高后降低的趋势，最高可达181.64 MPa，为母材的68.5%，硬度分布呈W状分布，接头断裂位置位于前进侧热影响区，断裂方式为韧性断裂.

Abstract:

Self-reacting friction stir welding experiments for 4 mm thick 6063-T6 aluminum alloy were carried out in this study. The results indicated that good surface appearance and inner defect-free joints could be obtained. The joint macro morphologies were dumbbell shaped and the joint could be divided into four microstructure zones i.e. base material zone, heat affecting zone, thermal-mechanical affect zone and weld nugget zone. The hardness distribution of all the joints were W-shaped. When the rotation speed was 1 200 r/min and the welding speeds were 400~700 mm/min, the tensile strength of the joint first increased and then decreased. The tensile strength of the optimized joint was 181.64 MPa which equaled 68.5% of that of the base material. All the failed joints fractured in the heat-affected zone at the forward side with a ductile fracture mode.